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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
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 作者: admin    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph :zv:5 myx37:g peh frvis an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is no change 9 eg+av 65ni-fty9e*fbkjag*in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law oq;d)7g: xaofif thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume wituc/d yc1+y2 7kemy:doh no change in its temperature. This pry edc7/ kmoyu2c 1+d:yocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During this process ixg8nfsg-t (l65mm- b, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What isi-l 5gbmgn(t6 8 sf-mx the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is comprerar0u.. ;mi1 s *eoputssed to one-half its original volume during an isothermal process. The final pressure of the s * p.1r0omtei. rauu;gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from x qn :aw/x*;y;5u yl82hgf+ pjqizo4l 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gas. Whfyh*y: aw 8lpg4jqzq5oxux/n2il ;; +ich of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated enviro /2)sgibqhhez8ys(;3e 3fpwjnment. During the event, the gas ys8e3 zg;s h2pq )fje/ iwh(3bexchanged no heat with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of 5)spak c ev4*jw 6 +2vlorc7 x3vjyh(ae)lq)rthermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is :;p0y ogb ;j.d xfn1igcompressed to one-half its original volume during an adi.pixbg;j 1yd0 g;fo :nabatic process. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of +12agq 9e+ kj*jm3lihitfw(.v r4r higas identical in all respects except that one contains r(4 hig+h3eqjkw r9i i*t1 .vlaf2j+m$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas ide0*ul.qq -2) pgovtnarntical in all respects except that one contains ut qqarvop2gn-.* 0)l $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is an; aajhc q ,/2uy47/xp/ttv igb


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is nn,opn:yg3zji-ph 8-9 jv zck:o change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of therm ia4sl3 nspx*yc.2.yme2adj1odynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pre1lj1x(i 364p 0eqxjhsawh raop2o*e2 ssure as heat is added to it. This proces02aq6a*ilxrwp11e 2h(3xsjoojp4 ehs is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant e4 unue49cyfkua :m; ;pressure. As a result, the intern;4u eycemf4a;u9nu k :al energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagr7rfno -lada4qj5zu.+ am is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric procj*ff1pf8pj vb kg *15sess, there is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law o+t khf7b t(ifm;q0gw( f thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energy ieefv a/wy f4(6pww+frd9 50eps added toe5 (dvf+pwepry9faw 40e6fw/ it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at constant p1/ o+2baqg5d fr0 1wkem:dztvolume. As a result, the internal energy ofk2b g: +wrpo5m1e /0dfzd1tqa the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thei1ht6rh 00i(js pr 4nxrmodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot rese 4v+s. s pf(ixv;rwc(lrvoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from aao5 p1dl pj (u4,xse9v cold reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics accordc t1ew6 tsoy w( 3+;z5vxm9skzing to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated her 1:6qjp.ivt0 7wl.y5xh ud wjddne;.ue. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operatingjn 0q:v5dlyw6 jtu .h..pwdexiu d7 1; on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a hcfhke,+.9 ue( .hr-morvl 8qk eat engine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat*6m2q8py6cr ipmx;wsg/0 fwl i(cgk8 sink muspim cwl08q6*6gcp g2s; iyf(kr8xm/w t be

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consistsa4-zxs:uy p0mjd d *g+ of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamicshdwdu 8.f-s /mgb*q- ) pptd0r.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COqcd fp;-/ rc4un/dn i.P) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio o/-4cfur.q; dpn/cn dif

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of 2wn nw35m uo5yyb:5 upa heat pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the , vth -() kcohfh:;/yq ygasv9y4qn/gwater

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the secoabt(j+fo)g h .nd law of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which one of the choices applies tbgha+j(. )fo?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of theu; 5n/dt qzicm0:pze9+dn0p o second law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to congr7y ufso moz+3:z4 2xclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat mddybn -dt6n 0pv+y95 is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in i+d dy06d -ybvtn95p nmnternal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of j4oxy3 5siru *7+np(fcmvy/wheat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in t4nu53vcjy yo+s x f/w*pr7(m ihe process?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas s ss:2ni;wqy dt/6ey.j/fn . ofystem in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in isse ydf //n.;yqf6i:.n wt2j onternal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatica qd ffwc5s8qia(lo* 9k*u9 b0tlly. What is the change in interna9swkqcdalq 58 ( *fi 9bt0ou*fl energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. Whu gk4ld+ iq9, 7++rszcv gp9ckat is the change in internal e7g4 k zki +csqvcp9u+dgrl9+ ,nergy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the interv4t hhxk2a7b: nal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the wox:2kh 47 vahtbrk done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric processm(,-i fhs law.dse6 v), the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchange?ds ei .,)aw-vm(lsh6f

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as ivcaen(qm,) ke1y, 7ikt is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by theya 71kmce,e )kv,q (in gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume gcd 6:,laiqu, when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in the sampd a ulg6c,qi:,le?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of w m5sjvez64c y9 rq jqta20 ckjob;bw le)/w:((ater at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 700z37vry7 n2k tnvj;p5 i0 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the ek iy3 7r2vnjnv7t5;z pfficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. m 3kt9v+ 5uepmb69kvj Howuem3ktp9vjb v+95 mk6 much work does it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and recee i+8(, lrzlfmives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much heat does it 8 zmfl li(er,+exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculat 5:wl v-8e;go9ycf cece th-5egyc8oc9fw ;c: v ele efficiency of each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and e, )9chpgqyxt8fe0 l 4txhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the w4tl9cg y 0)8 ,exhtpqfork done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built f a.ny/mmw* i4so far has the following characteristics: combusfn *w.i4/m amytion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficien0c ;f6n c)yznt+h rxt,t engines built so far has the following characteristics: combu0yc+,)htztnnr;x 6c f stion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the a(j:u)2 wqjof following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature) u qaw:jjf2(o = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric power. The pla+/rp v xxdaws);fc th/- yu2r7nt uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of elect* is2( i/3halvv niznxun;8 *0oh;nx )v5kqtgric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric ge8,vspygsh+ zy 3 ,4ppower. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot effici7:coy5 b,hods*vol, v;hgu+i ,f kte9 ency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theors;-nw- - d fzxbufp9*netical efficiency possible for an engine operating betwee xdzun-p f-*f;bn-ws9 n $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is thecj20n;.x6 fmi(u jtcca*vk 9u temperature of the cold reservoir if the tecvj 02j.mcu9nk* ci;t 6 axfu(mperature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating betweesp-e 2 7ohfzz xk)4wm+n $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat froa.a5rj5kmi*v* .uwm o m the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each irm.om*.u * a5 jkav5wcycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing cotgp*f r. ;hit2mpartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJftt2 * ;hrpig. into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat from the kqiudh7 tpr1) cgk39uws/q/0freezer and expels 356 J of heat to thescu/i k9 ) rwut10pqk7d 3qgh/ room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice z,xmz1,eb k9 wmelt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the8 ph2nl oy*0eu change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isotherman ,*2. w;goqpo8vjij xl expansion and its entropy changes 2np;qoi jgj v8x.w, *oby
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at h07*tpl,zbt 96ql.top f1p vh$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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